Lagers are a large family of beers characterized by low-temperature fermentation, a clean profile, and smooth drinking. From Czech Pilsner to Bavarian Helles, from Vienna Lager to rustic Kellerbier: this guide helps you navigate all the styles.
In-depth lager cluster insights
- Vienna Lager — history, recipe, and serving tips
- Czech Lager and Bohemian Pils — the Czech tradition explained
- How to brew a lager beer — guide to the process and recipe
- The history of lager beer — origins and secrets
- Pils, pale lager, and ale compared — differences between styles
What is a lager?
A lager is made with yeasts that work at low temperatures (7–13 °C). This process limits esters and fruity flavors typical of ales, resulting in a cleaner and crisper beer. Lagers can be light or dark, light-bodied or full-bodied; the category includes styles like Helles, Pilsner, Märzen, Kellerbier, and Landbier.
What is the difference between Pils and lager?
Pils (or Pilsner) is a type of pale lager. The main differences:
- Pils: pale, highly hopped (bitter and floral notes), light/medium body, dry finish. Uses hops like Saaz or Perle.
- Helles: more malty and less bitter than Pils — the quintessential Bavarian lager.
- Kellerbier/Landbier: unfiltered, rustic, with more body and character.
Origin of the Pilsner
The Pilsner was born in Pilsen (Plzeň), Bohemia, in 1842. The introduction of pale malts and bottom-fermenting yeasts led to beers much clearer and brighter than the dark beers of the time. The classic Pilsner became the model for many modern pale lagers.
Difference between lager and ale
- Yeasts: ales use top-fermenting yeasts (more esters and phenols, fruity and spicy flavors); lagers use bottom-fermenting yeasts, which are more neutral.
- Aroma profile: ales are fruitier and more complex; lagers are cleaner, maltier, or hoppier depending on the style.
- Maturation: lagers require longer cold maturation (lagering), which clarifies and stabilizes the taste.
Lager styles to know
- Czech Pilsner: bitter, hoppy, medium body — learn more →
- Bavarian Helles: malty, smooth, mildly bitter
- Vienna Lager: amber, delicate toasted notes — learn more →
- Märzen/Festbier: robust, malty, typical of Oktoberfest
- Kellerbier/Landbier: unfiltered, rustic, with more body
- Dark Lager/Schwarzbier: dark, coffee and chocolate notes, surprisingly easy to drink
How to taste a lager
- Temperature: 6–10 °C (rustic versions are best enjoyed warmer).
- Glassware: pilsner glass for Pils; mug or stein for Helles and Kellerbier.
- Pairings: cured meats, whole grain bread, fresh cheeses, cereal-based dishes, recipes with a spicy or smoky touch.
Discover the full selection of craft lagers on Maltese — Helles, Pilsner, Vienna Lager, and much more, shipping throughout Italy. 🍺
